TRANSFORMATION OF THE GARDEN CITY CONCEPT IN KHARKIV IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

This study explores the evolution of the garden city concept through examples found in the Kharkiv region, examining how socio-cultural and socio-political factors influenced their development. By analyzing little-known settlements in the Kharkiv region from the first third of the 20th century, the research demonstrates how the garden city concept was gradually transformed into the idea of a socialist city. The article outlines four distinct stages in the development of Kharkiv’s residential areas, marking the shift from a garden city to a socialist city framework. A central focus of the study is the need to reconsider both the garden city and socialist city models when planning the development of current urban structures. Emphasis is placed on the importance of aligning these models with strategies rooted in sustainable development. The knowledge of these historical urban concepts is particularly relevant today as we seek new approaches to decentralizing settlements and production, especially in the context of Ukraine's post-war reconstruction efforts. The research suggests that these urban models could play an important role in revitalizing the cooperative movement, enabling self-financing communities to rebuild and expand existing settlements in a way that promotes sustainability and long-term prosperity. By applying the principles of the garden Ukraine can foster decentralized, sustainable, and independent communities, laying the foundation for a more positive and resilient future. This approach could help address contemporary challenges by blending historical urban planning insights with modern needs for sustainable growth and community resilience. Keywords: Kharkiv, Garden City, Socialist City, Sustainable Development.