Descentralización de la educación y su impacto en la cobertura y la calidad. Revisión de alguna. Literatura comparada

Abstract

The main objective of this review article is to carry out a bibliographical study on the Decentralization of education and its impact on coverage and quality, with a comparative view between Colombia and some countries of the region. From the above, the following question was asked. Did decentralization allow progress in coverage and quality of education for some countries in our region? Due to the importance of education in the growth of the country and the region, it is important to carry out a study in which it can be verified whether or not the decentralization of education contributed to the coverage and quality of education. Therefore, a reading and analysis of the process of decentralization of the following countries were carried out: Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Chile, Uruguay and Colombia. Regarding the selection of the countries, this one was realized on the main characteristic that belongs to the Latin American region and that they have had similar political, social and economic processes. According to the information found and the analysis of the scientific articles on the topic of decentralization of education, the countries mentioned above were taken as sample in this article, in which the process of decentralization of education within each one was studied and How it was financed, with the above variables could be identified if said process contributed or not to the quality and coverage of education in the same region. In the case of Colombia, articles were included that included information on the quality and coverage of education in the last 20 years, where decentralization has been a State policy on this subject. In this way, it was identified that in all Latin America after the second half of the last century, administrative, political and fiscal organization processes began in each of the countries. One of the decisions was the beginning of the decentralization of power to get the state to reach each of the civilian populations and thus have greater access, efficiency, coverage and quality in education. In this case, education in these countries has permeated the process.