Blockchain-Powered Secure Health Data Exchange For Enhancing Patient Privacy And Interoperability

Abstract

With the current prevalence of digitization of health care records comes the issues of data privacy, security, and interoperability typical in traditional health information systems. This paper proposes a Blockchain-Powered Secure Health Data Exchange that utilizes smart contracts, cryptographic algorithms (AES-256, ECDSA), and a decentralized ledger to improve patient privacy and interoperability. This paper presents a novel blockchain-based monitoring mechanism tailored for EHRs: RUDDER—real-time, universal, decentralized, distributed, and enciphered data regulation for EHRs. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP), the architecture prevents unauthorized access in our patient-centric model. This approach enabled the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus mechanism, which offers high transaction throughput and latency. In addition, we create an interoperability layer that is FHIR compliant and allows for continued data exchange between the hospitals, research institutions, and the insurer. Experimental results show that significant gains have been achieved with a 500% increase in scalability, 99.6% lower operational costs, and 90% lower energy consumption compared to their conventional counterparts. The new framework that was proposed is a scalable, secure, and cost-effective solution for next-generation healthcare data management. The future work will cover AI-based anomaly detection and quantum-resistant cryptography that can improve security and efficiency.