A Blockchain-based Trusted Interaction Framework for Intelligent Aquaculture Supply Chain via Smart Contracts

Abstract

Traditional traceability systems in aquatic product supply chains suffer from centralization, data tampering risks, and single points of failure, which directly threaten food safety and consumer trust. To address these vulnerabilities, this paper proposes a secure and trustworthy traceability model leveraging blockchain technology. We integrate the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to alleviate on-chain storage pressure while ensuring data immutability through cryptographic linking. To counter the risk of plaintext exposure in IPFS, we introduce a symmetric encryption mechanism prior to off-chain storage. The proposed architecture ensures end-to-end data integrity, confidentiality, and access control. Security analysis and experimental validation confirm the robustness and feasibility of our approach against common threats such as unauthorized access and data leakage.