How AI, the Metaverse, and NFTs Could Challenge US Immigration Regulations and Reshape International Education

Abstract

The advancement of digital technologies has created new possibilities for international education. For example, fine-tuned and well-regulated artificial intelligence (AI) can lower language barriers and provide personalized learning and advising experiences. Also, virtual scenarios developed through mixed reality technology can ensure a smooth transition for incoming study abroad students. Lastly, the broader adoption of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) can shift the paradigm of trans-national admission and student advising. This is because the underlying technology of NFT – blockchain – enables forgery-resistant document verification and record-keeping processes. On the other hand, the development of new technologies also challenges current American student visa regulations. For instance, with the increased number of AI-integrated academic programs, the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code list will need to be updated. This will allow more international students to be eligible for the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) Optional Practical Training (OPT) extension. Additionally, as metaverse classes offer immersive learning experiences that are not limited to space and time, current full course-of-study regulations need to be clarified. The clarified regulation should address how many virtual reality classes international students can take to comply with the full course-of-study regulations. Finally, the emergence of NFTs urges further guidance on cryptocurrency and student employment. Existing Practical Training programs do not include guidelines on how earning digital currency could impact foreign students’ visa status.