COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN HYPERLEDGER FABRIC AND ETHEREUM A Study on Architecture, Performance, and Security in Enterprise Blockchain Applications.

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative study between two leading blockchain platforms—Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum—with emphasis on their architectural design, performance characteristics, and security mechanisms in the context of enterprise applications. The study aims to identify key differences between permissioned and public blockchain models, focusing on scalability, consensus efficiency, and data confidentiality. A controlled experimental environment was developed using Docker-based deployments for both platforms, and performance was evaluated through Hyperledger Caliper using standardized workloads. Metrics such as transactions per second (TPS), latency, resource consumption, and failure rates were analyzed under varying network sizes. The results indicate that Hyperledger Fabric achieves significantly higher throughput (≈900 TPS) and lower latency (<200 ms) compared to Ethereum (≈25 TPS, ≈1 s latency), due to its deterministic Raft consensus and modular architecture. Ethereum, however, demonstrates superior decentralization and transparency suitable for public and decentralized applications. The findings highlight that both platforms are complementary: Hyperledger Fabric is optimized for controlled, high-performance enterprise use, while Ethereum excels in open, trustless environments.