Study on Influencing Factors and Low-Temperature Treatment of Walnut Canker Disease in Hotan County, Xinjiang

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of walnut canker disease and the effect of low-temperature treatment on its occurrence in Hotan County, and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the disease. The occurrence of canker disease was investigated in walnut plantations of different varieties, plant and row spacing, and diameter at breast height (DBH) from April to August of 2023 and 2024. In laboratory research, the spread area of disease spots on isolated branches of peach was studied under different temperature treatments and different treatment times. The occurrences of walnut canker for the two consecutive years were basically the same. The number of new lesions showed an upward trend in April and May and reached its highest in May. The number of new lesions tended to stabilize in June and July in Hotan County. The walnut variety with more severe disease was “Xinfeng”. The disease was most serious in plots with plant spacing and row spacing of 10 m × 7 m. The DBH of the more susceptible walnut trees was >30 cm. Low-temperature treatment and treatment time had a significant impact on the walnut canker lesion expansion area (p