Administrative Capacity Constraints In Decentralized Education Financing: Evidence From Lamu County, Kenya

Abstract

Decentralized government units in the Global South frequently experience ineffective service delivery because of inadequate funding and weak administrative structures. Using Lamu County Government that allocates bursary funds yet continues to experience operational inefficiencies, this study examines how administrative capacity influences the governance effectiveness of the Lamu County Bursary Programme (LCBP). Guided by Administrative Capacity Theory, the study uses an explanatory sequential mixed methods design using quantitative data from 350 beneficiaries and qualitative data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Linear regression results show that administrative capacity is a statistically significant predictor of governance effectiveness (β = 0.627, p < 0.001). Thematic analysis from qualitative data shows three constraints: verification problems, aggravated by geographic dispersion and staffing problems; procedural uncertainty and communication problems, that erode the trust of applicants; and a structural timing penalty, where administrative delays reduce the timeliness and reliability of bursary support, sometimes resulting in temporary school exclusion. The results indicate that the LCBP experiences a capability trap, formal structures are in place but service delivery is weak. Therefore, decentralized units require both financial allocations and effective administrative capabilities. To improve policy outcomes, findings suggest the importance of digitization, staffing at ward level and synchronization of the disbursement calendar with academic cycles.