Zero-Knowledge Proof-Based Edge-Assisted Blockchain Framework for Privacy-Preserving and Scalable IoT Networks

Abstract

The rapid enhancement in the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has introduced the issues viz privacy, scalability, and computational efficiency. Conventional blockchain solutions only provide decentralization and security. But they result in significant overhead and hence, not found suitable for resource-constrained IoT environments. This work proposes ZK-EdgeChain, an edge-assisted blockchain framework by integrating the lightweight Zero Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) with edge computing to enable privacy preserving and scalable IoT system. The proposed framework offloads computationally intensive proof generation and verification to edge nodes while maintaining decentralized trust through blockchain. The paper also presents a formal mathematical model and optimized verification algorithm. The results validate a 75% reduction in communication overhead and 44% reduction in energy consumption compared to traditional approaches. The results demonstrate that the ZK-EdgeChain significantly improves efficiency, scalability, and privacy preservation in IoT networks.