Blockchain in Healthcare Ensuring Security and Transparency

Abstract

Blockchain is rapidly developing in many sectors, and it is promising its application specifically for healthcare. This chapter examines the potential of blockchain technology to offer solutions to some of the key problems in healthcare systems, including data breaches, fragmented systems, and the apparent lack of patient control over their health records, all of which could be addressed through the use of secure and transparent blockchain systems. With its sophisticated encryption technology, consensus algorithms, and decentralised access control, Blockchain is well-suited to securing sensitive healthcare data. The chapter explores the technical architecture of Blockchain in healthcare, contrasting public and private blockchains and looking at the role of consensus mechanisms such as proof-of-stake and proof-ofauthority. Some critical healthcare-based applications are the management of secure patient data, the management of the drug supply chain, clinical trials, and medical billing, in which Blockchain helps keep the data integrity, fraud prevention, and compliance assurance. Despite its promising benefits, challenges such as scalability, high implementation costs, and resistance to change within the healthcare ecosystem are discussed as well. By addressing these limitations, Blockchain can significantly improve the security and transparency of healthcare systems.