Introduction to IoT, Fog Computing, and Green Blockchain

Abstract

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT), Fog Computing, and Green Blockchain technologies is transforming digital systems by making them more efficient, scalable, and sustainable. IoT generates vast data that requires real-time processing, but this creates challenges in latency, bandwidth, and resource management. Fog Computing addresses these by decentralizing data processing to the network's edge, reducing latency and improving performance for time-sensitive applications in smart cities, healthcare, and automation. Despite advancements, traditional systems' energy consumption is a concern as IoT devices grow. Green Blockchain optimizes energy usage by employing energy-efficient consensus algorithms like Proof of Stake (PoS), reducing the computational load of Proof of Work (PoW). This chapter explores how IoT, Fog Computing, and Green Blockchain together enhance scalability, security, and energy efficiency, offering sustainable solutions for smart environments and their convergence enables decentralized, low-latency, and energy-efficient systems for future industries.