Blockchain for Security: Enhancing Data Integrity in Space Communications and Operations

Abstract

This study, conducted in 2024, explores the potential of blockchain technology to enhance data integrity in space communications and operations. With the growing complexity and reliance on satellite networks for global connectivity, Earth observation, and deep space exploration, ensuring tamper-proof and secure communication is critical. The research proposes a blockchain-based framework that integrates satellites, ground stations, and spacecraft as decentralized nodes, addressing existing security challenges such as data tampering, unauthorized access, and signal jamming. Based consensus combining Proof of Stake (PoS) algorithm with Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) processes is introduced to optimize security and latency in space environments. The feasibility of the framework is evaluated through simulations and case studies, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating space-specific threats, with practical implications for missions such as NASA's Artemis program. The study concludes that blockchain offers a transformative solution for securing space communications and urges stakeholders to pilot such technologies for future space operations.