Blockchain a konsensuální algoritmy

Abstract

This bachelor thesis examines blockchain technology and consensus algorithms to provide a comprehensive overview of these key elements of modern decentralized systems. The thesis describes in detail the blockchain architecture, its layers and key features. It also focuses on types of blockchain networks, security risks and consensus mechanisms. The section on consensus algorithms analyses their variants such as Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, Proof of Authority or algorithms based on oriented acyclic graphs. A comparative analysis of the algorithms evaluates their performance based on the chosen criteria. The paper also discusses the use of blockchain in practical applications such as smart contracts, decentralized applications, and technologies for enterprise environments. The conclusions include recommendations for selecting an appropriate consensus algorithm with respect to the specific requirements of different application scenarios.