Blockchain-based framework for global IMEI blacklist management and mobile device theft prevention

Abstract

The unique International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number is essential for identifying mobile devices and blacklisting stolen ones within networks. Current solutions are limited to local blacklists and lack a global mechanism for information exchange among operators. Efforts by the Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) to implement a common blacklist have been constrained by costs, resulting in fragmented and ineffective IMEI management systems. To address these challenges, we have developed a blockchain-based framework that uses the decentralized consensus and tamper-proof nature of distributed ledger technology to enable a unified and globally accessible IMEI blacklist. The framework is implemented on a permissioned blockchain deployed on the Sepolia testnet, utilizing the Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus mechanism to ensure fast and secure validation in a multi-stakeholder environment. Our solution includes a Decentralized Application (DApp) for user interaction, with smart contracts deployed using a Web3 wallet and connected via the Alchemy API to enable efficient communication between the front end and blockchain. Smart contracts automate device status verification, theft reporting, and transaction recording, enhancing transparency, accountability, and security in mobile device management. To validate IMEI numbers, the system uses the Luhn algorithm, a widely accepted checksum method. The framework also collaborates with law enforcement and insurance companies to improve theft verification and claims processing. Experimental results demonstrate the framework's scalability, achieving low latency of under 1 second at transaction rates up to 1,000 TPS and reducing transaction processing time by 30% compared to a traditional centralized database-based system. Performance outcomes were validated through 30 independent test runs to account for variability, underscoring the framework's robustness and potential for widespread adoption. These results set a new standard for global mobile device security through industry-wide collaboration.