Fujairah Honey Chain (FHC): A Blockchain Framework for Monitoring Honey Production

Abstract

Honey is globally recognized for its substantial nutritional and therapeutic properties. However, its high market value makes it susceptible to counterfeiting, negatively impacting consumers and beekeepers. This paper presents a blockchain-based framework to monitor the honey trade supply chain, ensuring authenticity. The framework employs an oracle component to verify honey quality and origin using IoT data. Additionally, it integrates fungible and non-fungible tokens to track honey batches. The study evaluates the economic feasibility of this approach, demonstrating that the cost of performing a trade is less than USD 1, with the oracle component achieving an average accuracy rate of 90% in detecting falsified sensor data.