Decentralizing the Charge: Unlocking the Potential of DeFi and Blockchain for EV Charging Infrastructure

Abstract

This chapter examines the emerging role of decentralized finance (DeFi) as a transformative catalyst in the digitalization of electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure within the energy and utilities sector. While global sustainability agendas envision seamless, affordable, and interoperable charging networks to support large-scale EV adoption, existing systems remain fragmented, capital-intensive, and institutionally constrained. Ideally, charging ecosystems should enable transparent financing, efficient energy exchange, and user-centric governance. In practice, however, high deployment costs, limited grid flexibility, regulatory inconsistencies, and restricted access to investment continue to impede this vision. Building on prior research on smart grids, blockchain-enabled energy markets, and sustainable mobility frameworks, this work critically evaluates how 2 DeFi-driven models extend beyond conventional centralized approaches. Existing studies emphasize technical optimization and policy mechanisms, yet they often overlook decentralized financial governance, peer-to-peer energy trading, and tokenized infrastructure funding. Addressing this gap, the study develops an integrated conceptual model linking DeFi principles, smart grid technologies, and EV charging ecosystems. Through analytical synthesis and selected case evidence, the paper demonstrates how trustless transactions, decentralized autonomous organizations, and micropayment mechanisms can enhance financial inclusivity, operational transparency, and system scalability. By situating EV charging infrastructure within a broader digital-financial transformation paradigm, this study advances theoretical understanding and offers strategic insights for policymakers, utilities, and technology providers seeking to accelerate sustainable and resilient mobility transitions.