Blockchain-Integrated Decentralized Supply Chain System Leveraging Cryptographic Verification and Secure Smart Contracts

Abstract

The Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Supply Chain System presents a secure and scalable product authentication and counterfeiting solution through Ethereum smart contracts and cryptographic methods. Written in the Truffle framework and tested on Ganache, the system uses Solidity-based contracts to enforce the traceability of product lifecycles through a finite state machine design. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) algorithms control manufacturers, dispatchers, and transporters so that only permitted parties can conduct transactions. Product and transaction metadata are immutably locked with SHA-256 hashing, and backend communications are encrypted with AES. Python modules embedded within Web3.py enable real-time smart contract engagement and orchestrate state changes of the blockchain with rule-based decision logic. Vehicle tracking and receipt data are also validated end-to-end by the system with digital signatures for ultimate verifiability. Decentralized architecture enables tamper-proof auditability, cryptographic integrity, and strong integration with contemporary supply chain ecosystems.