DeSci for Control Education: From CDIO to iCDIOS

Abstract

Control theory is shifting from an “analytical optimization” to an “intelligent evolution” paradigm, yet the Conceive-Design-Implement-Operate (CDIO) engineering education model has not adapted to this change. iCDIOS, extending CDIO theoretically, advances control education toward a “learning-by-making, making-by-learning, and lifelong learning” approach. However, its implementation demands new organizational and technological support. This paper introduces a DeSci-based iCDIOS framework, integrating intelligent technologies, decentralized autonomous organizations(DAOs), and dynamic operations to transform the learning process and ecosystem of control education. The study analyzes DeSci-iCDIOS applications in intelligent system design, industrial scenario simulation, social system control, and cross-domain collaborative innovation, discussing challenges in scalability, governance, educational transformation, and privacy-legal ethics, and proposing future research to advance control education.