Quantum-resistant Blockchain Cryptography-based Smart City Transactions

Abstract

Due to certain unique qualities and capabilities, Blockchain is a highly beneficial approach that may be used to safely manage various gadgets in a smart city. It has several uses, particularly in dispersed situations where elements such as wireless sensor nodes must be confident of the server's legitimacy. Because modern blockchain solutions that handle post-quantum problems have not been developed, we explore a blockchain in the quantum-resistant cryptography context and strive to find how it might withstand quantum computing assaults throughout this work. Furthermore, the newly born Proof of Stake (PoS) provides faster and cheaper transactions, but its security is not proven in comparison to its forefather Proof of Work (PoW). As a result, a new quantum-resistant proof of stake (Quantum-Resistant PoS) agreement technique for smart city application services has been developed. The proposed model has the ability to protect a distributed ledger system against a quantum assault and also provides scalability and inexpensive transactions. Additionally, user-based post-quantum authentication is included in the transaction process to create a simple payment verification node. Following that, we present a detailed rundown of how to execute a post-quantum simple payment verification and transaction on a blockchain. Thus, our study will contribute to imminent quantum-resistant blockchain exploration along with the design or structure of potentially distributed ledger technology-based ubiquitous computing.