Non-fungible tokens as a bridge for integrated healthcare supply chains: an innovative approach focused on interoperability

Abstract

• Address interoperability limits in healthcare supply chains. • Use NFTs as identifiers that reference patient data distributed across multiple blockchains. • Propose a Selective Trust Architecture, with patient-controlled access via token ownership. • Introduce the concept of Layer-2 Interoperability in decentralized healthcare systems. • Link artifact design to theory development in blockchain and trust research.