Decentralized E-Voting System: Enhancing Security and Trust using Ethereum Blockchain

Abstract

Ensuring security, transparency, and trust in electronic voting systems is a critical challenge in modern democracy. Traditional e-voting systems are often centralized, making them vulnerable to cyber threats, data manipulation, and insider attacks. Additionally, reliance on intermediaries increases costs and introduces potential points of failure. To address these challenges, this study proposes a blockchain based e-voting system using the Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts to establish a tamper-proof, decentralized, and automated voting process. By leveraging blockchain’s immutability and cryptographic security, the proposed system eliminates the risk of unauthorized alterations, ensuring every vote remains verifiable and irreversible. The system is designed to be cost-effective, scalable, and accessible, reducing reliance on human intervention and enhancing voter confidence. This study evaluates the system's performance using simulated election scenarios, focusing on key metrics such as security, efficiency, and user-friendliness. Additionally, we explore potential enhancements, including biometric authentication and layer-2 scalability solutions, to further improve accessibility and system robustness. The findings of this research contribute to the advancement of secure digital voting technologies, offering insights valuable for governments, policymakers, and researchers in the field of e-governance.