Denial of Sequencing Attacks in Ethereum Layer 2 Rollups

Abstract

Layer 2 rollups offer promising solutions to address Ethereum's scalability issues. However, the centralized nature of the sequencer in these rollups makes them vulnerable to denial of service attacks, in which adversaries overwhelm the sequencer with invalid transactions that cannot be included in blocks, thereby exhausting its computational resources for transaction processing. To mitigate such threat, layer 2 rollups implement the legality check mechanism to filter out invalid transactions before they reach the sequencer.