A Lightweight Proof of Stake Voting Mechanism with Byzantine Agreement and Cryptographic Sortition for Telemedicine Systems

Abstract

With the rising integration of blockchain in critical domains such as healthcare, designing efficient, lightweight, and privacy-preserving consensus mechanisms remain a significant challenge.Existing Proof-of-Stake (PoS) implementations often incur high computational and communication overhead, making them unsuitable for telemedicine systems.This study proposed LightweightPoS, a novel voting mechanism designed for this environment.The proposed mechanism incorporates a cluster-based voting to minimize message complexity, Byzantine Agreement protocol for robust fault tolerance and cryptographic sortition to ensure fairness and privacy.This implementation slashes global communication, reducing message complexity by over 95% compared to traditional PoS models.The study evaluated the proposed and baseline mechanisms through simulations using real-time telemedicine data sensors.The results demonstrated that the proposed mechanism consistently achieved sub-10ms latency, high transaction throughput (up to 2400 TPS) and low energy consumption (~0.002kWh per round).It significantly outperformed baseline mechanism like Algorand and Ouroboros.Furthermore, the system included an effective Byzantine node detection, ensuring reliability under adversarial conditions.This work contributes a practical consensus voting mechanism that balances privacy and regulatory compliance.It provides a robust foundation for deploying blockchain technology in privacy-sensitive telemedicine applications.